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Self-Efficacy

Promoting Self-Efficacy for Financial Rehabilitation of Low-Income Families

1. Purpose

To empower homeless and low-income individuals with the belief, skills, and support necessary to transition from poverty and dependency to financial stability, sustainable income, and long-term independence. ORPE model integrates psychological, sociological, and spiritual dimensions to support sustainable empowerment.

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2. Theoretical Foundation: Albert Bandura’s Self-Efficacy

Self-Efficacy theory emphasizes that individuals’ beliefs in their ability to succeed directly influence their motivation, resilience, and performance. OHRA adopts this framework by strengthening participants’ sense of agency and capacity through:

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  • Mastery Experiences: Structured skill-building, job training, and entrepreneurship opportunities.

  • Vicarious Experiences: Mentorship and peer success stories to demonstrate attainable models.

  • Verbal Persuasion: Encouragement and affirmation from staff, mentors, and community leaders.

  • Physiological & Emotional States: Trauma-informed care, resilience training, and spiritual support to help participants manage stress and regain confidence.

​​Poverty and homelessness persist in Maryland and across the U.S., with over 582,000 people experiencing homelessness nationally (HUD 2023) and nearly 12% of U.S. families living below the poverty line. Families in poverty face not only financial hardship but also:

  • Sociological barriers (unstable housing, lack of networks, limited access to services).

  • Psychological barriers (low self-esteem, hopelessness, trauma).

  • Behavioral/spiritual barriers (cycles of poor decision-making, lack of motivation, and generational poverty).

 

Existing aid programs often focus on immediate relief (housing, food, short-term subsidies) but fail to address the internalized belief systems that prevent lasting change. Without a sense of self-efficacy, individuals struggle to sustain employment, manage setbacks, or build resilience.

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OHRA’s program addresses this root cause, equipping participants not only with resources but also with the belief in their ability to succeed.

If homeless and low-income individuals are supported through an individualized, holistic Wraparound Model that identifies and addresses sociological, psychological, and spiritual barriers, and if they develop self-efficacy through mastery, modeling, social persuasion, and psychological resilience, then they will transition from dependency and insufficient income to stable employment, housing, and long-term self-sufficiency.

 

Goals

  1. Rehabilitate and empower homeless/low-income individuals through holistic, wraparound interventions.

  2. Foster self-efficacy as a foundation for sustainable financial independence.

  3. Facilitate pathways to employment and entrepreneurship.

  4. Reduce reliance on emergency services and public assistance in Maryland communities.

Objectives

  • Assess over 2000 participants annually using OHRA’s individualized assessment tool.

  • Develop 300 personalized recovery and financial plans within three months of enrollment.

  • Deliver 10 self-efficacy training workshops per year covering mastery, modeling, persuasion, and resilience.

  • Connect 75% of participants to workforce training, job placement, or micro-enterprise opportunities.

  • Achieve a 65% graduation rate with participants demonstrating stable income and housing after 12 months

​​​​​Steps:

  1. Individualized Assessment & Planning

    • Comprehensive assessment of sociological, psychological, and spiritual factors.

    • Holistic intake to identify strengths, barriers, and aspirations.

    • Self-efficacy baseline scoring (confidence in employment, housing, financial management, etc.).

    • Identification of participants’ natural skills (self-efficacy traits).

    • Creation of individualized recovery and financial plans​

  2. Recovery & Resilience: Education, Skill Building & Training

    • Personalized plans addressing mental wellness, housing stability, financial literacy, and career goals.

    • Self-efficacy workshops (goal setting, resilience, stress management).

    • Job readiness training (resume building, interviewing, workplace behaviors).

    • Entrepreneurship coaching (financial literacy, microenterprise development).

  3. Wraparound Support

    • Facilitator-led coaching and mentorship.

    • Peer support groups for shared accountability.

    • Counseling referrals for trauma, addiction, and mental health.

  4. Employment & Enterprise Opportunities

    • Partnerships with local employers, trade schools, and workforce agencies.

    • Micro-financing support for small-scale entrepreneurial ventures.

  5. Monitoring & Evaluation

    • Regular progress tracking with facilitators.

    • Data collection on employment, housing, income stability, and self-efficacy improvements

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